Type 2 Diabetes: To lower blood sugar levels in adults. Heart Failure: To reduce the risk of hospitalization and death in patients with heart failure (even those without diabetes). Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): To slow the progression of kidney damage and reduce the risk of kidney failure.
Most diabetes drugs work by increasing insulin or making the body more sensitive to it. Dapagliflozin is different. It blocks the SGLT2 protein in the kidneys. Normally, this protein reabsorbs glucose from the urine back into the blood. By blocking it, Dapagliflozin forces the kidneys to filter out excess sugar, which is then removed from the body through urination.
Common: Increased urination, thirst, and mild weight loss. Infections: Increased risk of genital yeast infections or urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to the high sugar content in urine. Dehydration: Dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when standing up. Serious (Rare): Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) or "Fournier?s gangrene" (a serious infection of the genital area).
Yes, many patients lose a modest amount of weight (usually 2-3 kg) because the body is literally flushing calories out through the urine in the form of glucose.
No. Dapagliflozin is currently only approved for Type 2 Diabetes. Using it in Type 1 Diabetes significantly increases the risk of a dangerous condition called Ketoacidosis.
This is how the drug works. Because it pushes sugar into your urine, water follows the sugar, leading to increased volume and frequency of urination.
Absolutely. To prevent dehydration and UTIs, it is vital to stay well-hydrated throughout the day.
Yes, it can be taken with or without food, typically once a day in the morning.
On its own, Dapagliflozin rarely causes hypoglycemia. However, if you take it with insulin or sulfonylureas, your risk of a 'sugar crash' increases.
Maintaining good hygiene is key. Because sugar in the urine encourages yeast growth, keeping the area clean and dry helps reduce the risk.
Yes, in fact, it is often prescribed specifically to protect the kidneys in patients with CKD, though your doctor will monitor your kidney function (eGFR) regularly.
This is a rare condition where blood sugar looks normal, but the body is dangerously acidic. If you feel nauseous, have stomach pain, or are very tired, seek medical help even if your sugar readings are fine.
Limit alcohol. Alcohol can increase the risk of dehydration and ketoacidosis while taking SGLT2 inhibitors.
